General

A rare condition in which parathyroid glands produce reduced parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels is called hypoparathyroidism. These hormones are very important in regulating and balancing two minerals in the body (phosphorus and calcium). Therefore, low parathyroid hormone levels may lead to extremely low calcium levels and high phosphorus in the blood. In most cases, supplements […]

This is a rare condition in which the pituitary gland does not produce one or more hormones or does not make enough hormones. It is called hypopituitarism. This gland is located at the brain’s base and it is a part of the endocrine system of glands that produce hormones. Moreover, the pituitary gland makes different […]

This is a rare heart disease that is present at birth and it is known as Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). It is a congenital heart defect in which the left heart’s side does not develop completely and it is too small. As a result, the heart muscle cannot pump blood properly. Therefore, the right […]

An extremely rare progressive genetic disorder that causes children to age quickly is called progeria or Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. It usually begins within the first 2 years of life. However, newborns appear healthy at birth usually and symptoms start to occur during the first 12 months of age. These include loss of fat tissue, delayed […]

An abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back to the tubes (ureters) that are linked to the kidneys is called vesicoureteral reflux (also called hydronephrosis). In normal circumstances, the urine goes from the kidneys through the ureters into the bladder and never otherwise. In most cases, this condition occurs in infants and children. Moreover, […]

An infection of the intestines that usually causes watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fever (less common) is called viral gastroenteritis. People usually develop this condition through close contact with an infected person or by eating contaminated water or food. This condition is also known as stomach flu and in most cases, healthy people […]

A large group of lung conditions in which most of them cause progressive scarring of the lung tissue is called interstitial lung disease. People who experience interstitial lung disease usually experience breathing problems and do not get enough oxygen in the bloodstream. The primary causes of interstitial lung disease include exposure to hazardous materials (such […]

A group of conditions that happens when blood flow to the intestines is reduced or blocked is called intestinal ischemia. In most cases, intestinal ischemia occurs due to a fully or partly blocked artery. Sometimes, hypotension (low blood pressure) may reduce blood flow to the bowels. This condition may negatively affect both the small and […]

When blood begins to collect within the skull it is called intracranial hematoma. However, the blood may collect underneath the skull or in the brain tissues, which puts pressure on the brain. This condition usually occurs due to a blood vessel that bursts in the brain or head injuries caused by falls or car accidents. […]

Irritation and swelling (inflammation) in the iris (a colored ring around the eye’s pupil) is called iritis (sometimes called uveitis). The middle layer of the eye that is located between the white part and the retina of the eye is called the uvea. Therefore, in the front part of the uvea, the iris is located. […]