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A genetic disorder that negatively affects the coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes is called Waardenburg syndrome. People with this condition may experience hearing loss and rarely constipation or intestinal blockages. Unfortunately, this condition cannot be cured, and treatment focuses on relieving the symptoms. However, not all types of this disorder need treatment. […]

The weakened part of the body’s main artery (called the aorta) in the chest is called a thoracic aortic aneurysm. The weak part of the aorta usually becomes wider. If it becomes very wide, an aneurysm occurs. Furthermore, aneurysms may occur anywhere in the thoracic aorta (such as near the heart). This condition is also […]

An injury that happens when you roll, turn, or twist the ankle in an awkward position is called a sprained ankle. As a result, it may tear or stretch the ligaments (tough bands of tissue) that are responsible for holding the ankle bones together. Furthermore, ligaments also help prevent excessive movement and stabilize joints. This […]

A condition in which the body receives a large dose of radiation, usually in a short period, is called radiation sickness. The amount of radiation absorbed by the body is called absorbed dose, and it determines how severe the condition will be. This condition is also called acute radiation syndrome or radiation poisoning. However, this […]

A respiratory infection that causes a “whoop” sound after a person coughs is called whooping cough, pertussis, or the “100-day cough”. This condition may happen at any age, but the most severe symptoms are noticed in infants. Pertussis is often treated with antibiotics. This condition is very contagious and mostly affects infants and children. In […]

An eye disorder that causes blurred vision and reduced central vision is called macular degeneration. There are two types of the condition, such as dry macular degeneration and wet macular degeneration. While the dry type of condition occurs due to the breakdown of a part of the retina (also called the macula), the wet type […]

A type of anemia, which commonly occurs when blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells, is called iron deficiency anemia. It is a serious problem because red blood cells carry oxygen to structures and organs of the body. According to the name, this type of anemia occurs due to decreased or a lack of iron […]

A type of epilepsy caused by antibodies that mistakenly attack brain cells is called autoimmune epilepsy. It may also occur with other autoimmune disorders (such as autoimmune encephalitis). Sometimes, this condition is called autoimmune-associated epilepsy and acute symptomatic seizures secondary to autoimmune encephalitis. In normal circumstances, the immune system produces antibodies that help protect the […]

A skin condition that causes small and painful lumps under the skin is called hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) or acne inversa. These lumps often appear in the areas where the skin rubs together (including armpits, groin, buttocks, and breasts). Usually, the lumps heal slowly, can recur, and may cause certain tunnels under the skin and scarring. […]

A common fungal infection that affects the face or lips is called candida. It is caused by yeast, and the most common symptoms include an itchy and red rash on the face or white patches on the lips. Sometimes, this condition is called cutaneous candidiasis. Generally, there are multiple types of yeast that live on […]